How to build a 1B TPS blockchain without decentralization, security, or shame | Opinion

Building Your Own 1 Billion TPS Layer-1 Network: A Step-by-Step Guide

Tired of seeing layer-1 projects claiming astronomical transaction per second (TPS) figures? Worry not—we're here to guide you through creating your very own 1 billion TPS layer-1 network that will leave the competition in the dust.

Step 1: Bypassing the EVM Bottleneck

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) typically caps at under 100 TPS, but we can bypass the Patricia Merkle Trie during reads and writes to permanent state. This removes a major throughput bottleneck. Sure, it might compromise state rollbacks and network reorganizations, but speed is the priority.

Step 2: Why Stick with EVM Compatibility?

Being EVM-compatible—or even EVM-equivalent—is essential in web3 development. Most decentralized applications use Solidity or similar languages that compile into EVM bytecode. By supporting an EVM-equivalent environment, you attract a massive developer ecosystem.

Step 3: The Single-Machine Network

Why complicate things with multiple machines? Consensus slows everything down. A single-machine network is technically still a network. If decentralization concerns arise, just add a few "data availability nodes" for optics.

Step 4: Sharding for Exponential Scaling

Take your single-machine setup and replicate it 100 times—now you have a sharded network with 10 million TPS (100 shards × 100k TPS). No need for cross-shard communication or synchronization; they operate independently.

Step 5: Upgrading to WASM-JIT

Replace the EVM with WASM-JIT, which compiles to native register-based machine code and can outperform EVM by up to 100x. Now your network hits 1 billion TPS (10 million TPS × 100).

Congratulations! You've built a 1 billion TPS layer-1 network. Stay tuned for advanced techniques to push performance even further with unrealistically optimistic concurrency.